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Four unidentified men shovel coal.

1. Miners Working at a Coal Mine Likely Somewhere in West Virginia

Vance, a 15 years old trapper boy, whose job it was to open and closed the door, allowing mine trains to enter and exit. Vance earned $1.60 a week.

2. Coal Mine Trapper Boy, Harrison County, W. Va.

3. Miners at Work Inside the Mine at Maidsville, W. Va.

4. Miner with a Horse Down in the Mine at Rosedale Coal Company, Maidsville, W. Va.

5. Miner in a Shuttle Car

Men watch as teams participate in safety and rescue training exercises.

6. Mine Safety Training at Thomas, W. Va.

Conveyor and other machinery at a shop in Thomas, W. Va.

7. Mining Machinery, Thomas, W. Va.

8. Mining Machinery, Thomas, W. Va.

9. Mining Machinery, Thomas, W. Va.

10. Miners Work on a Loading Machine Inside a Mine

Continuous mining machine at work.

11. Continuous Miner in a Tunnel Approximately 4 Feet High

12. Loading Machine Discharges Coal into Shuttle Car

13. Electric Shuttle Car at Jamison Coal Mine No. 9

14. Inter-Floor Lift at Jamison Mine No. 9

Jamison No. 9 Mine shaft with a tensioning device on a cable.

15. Rock Dusted Mine Shaft at Jamison No. 9

16. ITE Circuit Breaker at Jamison Mine No. 9

17. Diaphram Pump at Jamison Mine No. 9

Mine car traveling through the mine.

18. Mine Car

19. Coal Shuttle in Jamison Mine No. 9

Controls at the Jamison No. 9 Mine.

20. Elevator Controls at the Jamison No. 9 Mine

Controls at the Jamison No. 9 Mine.

21. Elevator Controls at the Jamison No. 9 Mine

Controls at the Jamison No. 9 Mine.

22. Elevator Controls at the Jamison No. 9 Mine

Overcast, where two air currents cross in a mine, at the Jamison Mine No. 9 shaft bottom.

23. Overcast in Jamison No. 9 Mine Shaft Bottom

24. Cavalier No. 206 Mine, Elkhorn No. 3 Seam Showing Top and Bottom Bend

Shows timber roof-support and mine railway track.

25. Elkhorn No. 3 Seam, Mine 206, Kentucky

Coal car tracks inside of the mine.

26. Tracks in an Underground Mine

Two miners operating a loading machine.

27. Miners Operating a Loading Machine

28. Miner Testing for Gas in Jamison No. 9 Mine

Miners using a machine to bolt the mine roof.

29. Roof Bolting in Pursglove No. 15 Coal Mine

'Note the wooden mine car. It is of the Barnestown shaft which was the first shaft, of 100 feet in depth, in the valley.'

30. Miners at Work

'White Oak preparation begins when the machine leaves and the miner is ready to shoot down his coal. The shooting inspector on the left has not only located the hole for the miner to drill, but instructed him as to what angle he must bore his hole to contain the necessary explosive used in dislodging the coal from the seam. The "kerf" made by cutting machine is plainly visible in this picture and you will note the cutting or "bug dust" have been removed before the coal is shot. The length of the auger used by the miner and the width of the bit which determines the size of the hole bored, is also carefully regulated.'

31. Miners Preparing to Shoot Down Coal

32. Miner Testing for Gas at Consol. No. 32 Mine

'This miner has just completed loading a mine car of weighing net about two and one-half tons, and is waiting for a locomotive to come along and take it out and give him another empty car. An industrious miner will load about six and sometimes eight of these cars in one day. This is a wooden mine car that is now being rapidly replaced by steel mine car equipment. The number of post shown in this picture indicate again the immense amount of timber required to conduct operations in a safe manner.'

33. Loaded Mine Car

34. Coal on Belt at Jamison Coal Mine No. 9

35. Miner Placing a Charge

36. Miner Roof Bolting

37. Miner Testing for Gas

J.P. McGee, Acting Research Director, and Jack Smith, in Charge of the Gas Turbine Development Project discuss proper positioning of the turbine rotor in its casing.

38. Proper Positioning of the Turbine Rotor in Its Casing

Miner works on pile of shot down coal.

39. Shot Down Coal at Jamison Coal Mine No. 9

40. Area Worked by Coal Cutters

Looking down a mine shaft.

41. Interior of New England Coal Mine

Print possibly overexposed.

42. Area worked by Coal Cutters

'Probably no phase of coal preparation requires the supervision and care that must be given to shooting practices. The type of explosive used is a safety powder known as "Duobel" and has been selected because it is most suitable for the coal mined in the White Oak Mines. Not only must the explosive be of the best quality and best suited for the work of breaking down the coal, but its use must be supervised and restricted. The proper amount to use; the size of the cartridge; the manner of tamping and many other details are looked after so that a maximum of lump and coarse coal is produced after shooting. This view shows the working place after the 'breaker shot' has been fired.'

43. Breaker Shot

'Probably no phase of coal preparation requires the supervision and care that must be given to shooting practices. The type of explosive used is a safety powder known as "Duobel" and has been selected because it is most suitable for the coal mined in the White Oak Mines. Not only must the explosive be of the best quality and best suited for the work of breaking down the coal, but its use must be supervised and restricted. The proper amount to use; the size of the cartridge; the manner of tamping and many other details are looked after so that a maximum of lump and coarse coal is produced after shooting. This view shows the working place after the 'breaker shot' has been fired.'

44. Breaker Shot

Notice the preparatory cut and the 3 charge-holes near floor of the mine.

45. Coal Nearly Ready to be Shot Down

Large chunks of coal piled below the seam.

46. Shot Down Coal at Jamison Coal Mine No. 9

'All white oak mines work the same seam of coal, viz: Sewall. THe face of one of the working places or rooms is shown in this picture. The coal averages about 48 to 50 inches in thickness. This working place is now ready to be cut by the undercutting machine, so it can be shot down be the miner and loaded into cars for transportation to the tipple. The white line on the roof in this picture is the center line of the room set by the engineers to guide the men operating the mining machine in driving the room straight.'

47. Sewall Coal Seam Worked by the New River Coal Company

'Modified Longwall Mining with a German Coal Planer. Progress Report 2: Completion of Mining in three Adjacent Panels in the Pocahontas No. 4 Coal Bed, Helen, W. Va.' If this photograph is used for publication, please give credit to the Bureau of Mines, United States, Department of Interior.

48. Wood Crib with Both Releases Tripped and Crib Collapsed at Pocahontas No. 4 Coal Bed, Helen, W. Va.