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A continuous mining machine operating in a four foot seam.

1. Continuous Mining Machine in Operation in a Four Foot Seam

Two men with equipment putting up bolts to support the mine roof.

2. Miner Roof Bolting

After open-cut mining has been completed in a given area, the land affected is graded and planted in forage crops. Seeding done to date has consisted of a mixture of legumes and grasses with alfalfa predominateing, but also included were sweet clover, birdsfoot trefoil, brome grass and orchard grass. Other mixtures which have been used include alfalfa and brome grass, and birdsfoot trefoil with blue grass. A few years after seeding, these fields will supposrt a good stand of forage crops. White faced Hereford cattle are then turned out for grazing. Experience has shown that the cattle often gain wieght faster in these fields than in adjoining fields unaffected by open cut mining. It is also interesting to note that when the cattle are given their choice of a grazing spot, they invariably choose the restored fields.  The open-cut mining operations contribute greatly to the enrichment of this soil. This is because in the process of open-cut mining a vein of water-soluble limestone is broken up and mixed in with the soil. This photograph shows white faced Herefords grazing in a field which has been affected by open-cut mining and later graded and planted. Hanna Coal Company, Division of Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company.

3. Cattle Grazing on Reclaimed Fields Which Have Been Affected by Open-Cut Mining

4. Iron Ore on a Conveyor Going Into the Smelter at Wheeling, W. Va.

A large scoop with two cars fitting between its jaws.

5. Two Cars Fit into the Scoop of the 'Mountaineer'

A large scoop with two cars fitting between its jaws.

6. Two Cars Fit into the Scoop of the 'Mountaineer'

7. Towboats and Coal Barges on an Appalachian River

8. Ireland Mine Portal Area Supply Yard

Continuous miner in action.

9. Lee Norse CM28E Continuous Miner

10. Coal in Rail Road Car

11. Chesapeake and Ohio Coal Car Loaded with Coal

People standing next to the massive Mountaineer shovel.

12. Visitors Pose with Hanna Coal Company's Mountaineer Shovel

13. Visitor Standing In The Scoop of the Mountaineer Coal Shovel

Miners carrying an injured person on a stretcher while a man films. W.J. Wolf and Frank Brooks the Supt. of Mine 86 are included in the picture.

14. Accident Training at Consolidation Coal Mine No. 86

15. Large Blocks of Coal

Champion coal

16. Champion Coal Workers Use the Self Unloading-Power Chute, Univeyor Truck Delivery System, Stoker Coal

This picture shows the thickness of the coal seam in relation to a normal doorway.

17. Thickness of Coal Seam at Long Branch No. 1

An unidentified coal loading station.

18. Coal Loading Station

Coal dropping from a chute into a bin to be processed.

19. Coal Being Processed

Coal in cars inside of a plant being processed.

20. Coal Being Processed

Two men using large bits to drill prior to placing charges.

21. Drilling Prior to Placing Charges

Men working in a coal company machine shop.

22. Coal Company Machine Shop

Two miners digging coal in mine.

23. Miners Operating a Cutting Machine

View of the "Point" at Pittsburgh.

24. Aerial View of Industrial Pittsburgh

25. Coal Seams in Layers of Rock

26. Coal Loading Machine

Unidentified coal loading platform alongside railroad tracks.

27. Coal Loading Platform

28. Visitors Watching the Mountaineer Coal Shovel at Work

Men standing next to a shoveling machine at a Hanna Strip-Mine.

29. Tour of Hanna Coal Company Mine Site, Cadiz, Ohio

30. Tour of Hanna Coal Company Mine Site, Cadiz, Ohio

Two men at work in a quality control lab.

31. Coal Quality Control Laboratory

Two men placing charges in an already drilled hole. Notice the preparatory cut on upper right hand side.

32. Miners Placing Charges

33. Chesapeake and Ohio Coal Cars Loaded with Miller's Creek Block

Miners gathered in a typical Consol locker room with a modern bath house adjacent to it.

34. Typical Consol Locker Room

35. Coal on Conveyor

36. Miner Operating a Coal Loading Machine

Photo shows W.A. Boggess, head clerk, hands Joe his two weeks pay envelope.

37. Miner's Pay Day

Two miners take samples of coal.

38. Miners Taking Samples of Coal

39. Miner Roof Bolting

40. Making a Cut in Coal Face Prior to 'Shooting Down' Coal

Caption on back reads, 'Stiff-arming a highwall is the job of this new, double-decker drill in operation at the Georgetown mine, Hanna Coal Co., at Georgetown, Ohio. Fruit of the ingenuity of coal mining engineers, the drill makes two blast holes at different levels in the highwall, permitting a blasting shot that brings down a large section of 'overburden.' The 'overburden,' rock, shale, limestone, clay and other mineral deposits, lies above the coal seam. Surface, or open-pit mining, accounts for 23 percent of total bituminous production. The Georgetown mine is the largest surface mine in the world.'

41. Double Decker Drill in Operation at Georgetown Mine, Georgetown, Ohio, Hanna Coal Company

42. Miner Marking a Coal Seam

43. 35 Yard Stripping Shovel at Hanna Coal Company Surface Mine

Group Portrait of Men Standing Below the Tiger Coal Shovel

44. Visitors Pose with Hanna Coal Company's Tiger Shovel

45. Tour of Hanna Coal Company Mine Site, Cadiz, Ohio

Locomotive No. 5016, inspection party special train near Somerset, Pa.

46. Inspection Party Special Train Near Somerset, Pennsylvania

47. Miners Operating a Loading Machine in Jamison No. 9 Mine

Two men working with a rubber tire mounted cutting machine.

48. Miners Operating a Cutting Machine

A processing plant sits below miner's homes and open countryside.

49. Preparation Plant

Coal cars line up at Consolidation Coal Co. (W. Va.), mine no. 25 tipple.

50. Coal Tipple, Consolidation Coal Company Mine No. 25, W. Va.

A few men stand outside of processing plant no. 32 at Fairmont W. Va.

51. Consol No. 32, New Tipple & Cleaning Plant, Fairmont W. Va.

Coal cars run down the track in a preparation plant yard.

52. Coal Preparation Plant Yard

A tipple mine processing plants sits on the edge of a mountain.

53. Tipple at Middleton Mine, Middleton, Marion Co. W. Va.

Coal cars line up in the yard at mine 32.

54. Mine No. 32, Owings, W. Va.

The very large Itmann preparation plant.  A Consolidation Coal Company mine in 1979.

55. Itmann Preparation Plant, Pocahontas Fuel Company

This crane is ripping the mountainside away for coal.

56. Massive Coal Shovel at Work

57. Coal Shovel and other Surface Mining Equipment at Work

58. Miner Operates a Coal Cutting Machine Prior to Blasting

59. Miners Operating a Cutting Machine

Two miners cut coal at Pursglove No. 15

60. Miners Operating a Cutting Machine in Pursglove No. 15 Mine

Coal conveyor systems run throughout the hillside.

61. Raw Coal Conveyor System

Caption on back reads, 'Making a cut in the coal face is this Mastodon of the machine age - an underground cutter.  Rubber tired for mobility, and mounting a 9-foot cutting blade armed with whirring steel bits, it can cut a full 360 degree arc.  This and similar machines give America's bituminous coal mines almost unlimited capacity for production.'

62. Miners Operating a Cutting Machine at Mine No. 32, Consolidation Coal Company, Owings, W. Va.

A man stands beside large piles of coal.

63. Various Grades of Coal Awaiting Transport

A miner operates an electric shuttle car in the mine.

64. Miner Operating an Electric Shuttle Car

Group portrait of men standing in the bucket of a large shovel.

65. Visitors Pose with Hanna Coal Company's Mountaineer Shovel

A pile of coal in a coal car.

66. Peacock Splint, Pittsburgh Coal

67. Coal Cargo Ship at Sea, Hampton Roads

Coal miner's shower room.

68. Miner's Showers, Hanna Coal Company

A miner moves a fully loaded shuttle car down the mine shaft.

69. Loaded Coal Shuttle Car

Several men digging on top of a mound.

70. Excavating an Indian Mound on Ireland Coal Company Land

Men digging into the mound.

71. Ireland Mine Cresap Area Excavation of Gatt's Adena Indian Mound

A miner empties his shuttle car.

72. Shuttle Car Discharging Coal

Two men stand beside rail cars.  A cart a motor sits in  front of them.

73. Miners Stand by Steel Mine Railway Cars

Two miners operate a track mounted coal cutting machine.

74. Track Mounted Cutting Machine

A gear driven cutting machine stands on the track.

75. Very Old Track Mounted Cutting Machine

Two miners operate the breast type coal cutting machine.

76. Breast Type Coal Cutting Machine, Consol Mine No. 26, Watson, W. Va.

Miners leaving roofed man trip car at shifts end.

77. Miners Leaving Roofed Man-Trip Car At Shift's End, Consolidation Coal Company, Mine No. 32

Two men operating a loading machine.

78. Loading Machine in Action at Mine No. 32

Men work with core drilling equipment on a hillside.

79. Core Drilling

80. Joy Manufacturing Company Continuous Mining Machine

A New York Central System train moves along the track hauling many cars of coal.

81. Bituminous Coal From Western Pennsylvania Enroute to Market

Man cutting coal in Consol. Coal Co. Mine in Kentucky. Note the roof supports using jacks.

82. Miner Cutting Coal in Consol Mine in Kentucky

83. Block of Coal

Two men cutting coal in the parting.

84. Cutting Coal with Cavalier

85. Cutting Coal Preparatory to Shooting It Down for Loading

A miner operating a coal cutting machine.

86. Coal Miner at Work

Miner on a small, track mounted, cutting machine.

87. Miner Operating a Small, Track Mounted, Cutting Machine

Miners at work with loading machine and shuttle car.

88. Miner Operating a Loading Machine

Men at work with loading machine and shuttle car. Probably Joy Machinery.

89. Miners Operating a Loading Machine

Group portrait of children standing in front of the large shovel 'The Mountaineer'.

90. Youngsters in front of the Mountaineer Shovel

Five men standing in the Mountaineer Scoop.

91. Tour of Hanna Coal Company Mine Site, Cadiz, Ohio

92. Visitors Pose with Hanna Coal Company's Mountaineer Shovel

A man and woman standing next to a crawler track.

93. Visitors Pose with Hanna Coal Company's Mountaineer Shovel

94. Visitors and Workers Standing in the Shovel of the Tiger

Two men running a roof bolter in Jamison No. 9 mine.

95. Miner Roof Bolting at Jamison No. 9 Mine

Two men sitting on a bench in a mine in an underground mine.  Sign reads, 'It is a dischargeable offence to run over any cable.'

96. Miners Seated on Bench in an Underground Mine.